Comparative Analysis of Phytocompound Variations in Leaves, Bark and Roots of Allspice (Pimenta Dioica) Collections in Tanzania

Raymond Malinda Lutege; Pavithravani B Venkataramana; Joseph Ndunguru

doi:10.21467/ajgr.15.1.1-11

Authors

Raymond Malinda Lutege School of Life Science and Bio-engineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1882-3876
Pavithravani B Venkataramana School of Life Science and Bio-engineering, The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha
Joseph Ndunguru Tanzania Plant Health and Pesticide Authority (TPHPA), Arusha

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21467/ajgr.15.1.1-11

Abstract

Allspice, scientifically known as Pimenta dioica, holds potential as a natural source of beneficial compounds that have been historically used to address various human health concerns. The aim of this research was to explore differences in the compounds found in parts of Allspice (i.e., the leaves, bark, and roots). Petroleum ether, dichloromethane, and methanol were used to extract the substances from each part; the resulting crude extracts were then analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. To interpret the obtained data, the National Institute of Standards and Technology database was referred to for a spectra analysis. The findings indicated that the leaves contained 81 phytocompounds, bark had 18 types, and roots exhibited 12 varieties. Prominent phytocompounds found in the leaves were eugenol in 72.24% – 73.91% of the total compounds detected. Bark was primarily composed of 1,4-Methanoazulene, decahydro-4,8,8-trimethyl-9-methylene-, [1S-(1. alpha.,3a. beta.,4. alpha.,8a. beta.)] in 74.35% – 84.24%; while roots contained γ-sitosterol at an 86.08% concentration level. In terms of solvent performance, methanol exhibited high efficiency on leaves, while dichloromethane demonstrated optimal results on bark and roots. The findings confirm significant variations in phytocompound composition in different parts of Allspice and underscores the importance of considering specific types of phytocompounds, as well as extraction techniques to achieve valuable outcomes.

Keywords:

Phytocompounds, Pimenta dioica, Allspice

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